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Platypus is a generic development tool for Mac OS X that can create native, integrated applications from Ruby scripts, as well as scripts written in other interpreted languages (such as Perl, Python, and PHP). It has more features than RubyScript2Exe, although it works in a slightly different way that s specific to Mac OS X. You can get Platypus to encrypt its output files so that your source code isn t directly visible (although no encryption is foolproof), and you can get drag-and-drop features, embed non-Ruby files into your application (such as images, SQLite database files, or sounds), and use OS X s security framework to allow your script to have unfettered access to the machine it s running on. Platypus is free (although donations are requested by the author) and can be obtained at http://www.sveinbjorn.org/platypus. Platypus (shown in Figure 10-1) is an excellent tool, and has been used by a multitude of interpreted programs that have become regular applications.

Deploying Ruby programs can be made easier with the tools covered in the previous section, but you can use a number of techniques directly within Ruby to make Ruby s interactions with its surrounding environment even better. For example, it s possible to detect information about the machine upon which a Ruby script is running and then change the way the program operates on the fly. You can also retrieve parameters passed to the program via the command line. Detecting the runtime environment while the program is running can be useful to restrict access to users on specific platforms if your program isn t relevant to other users, or to tailor internal settings in your program so that your program will work better on the user s operating system. It can also be a useful way to get system-specific information (rather than operating-system specific information) that s relevant directly to the machine the program is running on, as it could affect the operation of your program.

Seamlessly integrating visuals and spoken words ensures that the attention is not split between screen and presenter.

A common example of this is retrieving the current user s path: a string of various directory names on the system that can be searched as default locations for files. There are also environment variables dictating where to store temporary files, and so forth.

>>> setattr(tc, 'name', 'Mr. Gumby') >>> tc.name 'Mr. Gumby' If you want to see all the values stored in an object, you can examine its _ _dict_ _ attribute. And if you really want to find out what an object is made of, you should take a look at the inspect module. It is meant for fairly advanced users who want to make object browsers (programs that enable you to browse Python objects in a graphical manner) and other similar programs that require such functionality. For more information on exploring objects and modules, see the section Exploring Modules in 10.

Among the myriad special variables Ruby makes accessible, a variable called RUBY_PLATFORM contains the name of the current environment (operating system) you re running under. You can easily query this variable to detect what operating system your program is running under. This can be useful if you want to use a certain filesystem notation or features that are implemented differently under different operating systems. On my Windows machine, RUBY_PLATFORM contains i386-mswin32, on my OS X machine it contains powerpc-darwin8.6.0, and on my Linux machine it contains i686-linux. This gives you the immediate power to segregate features and settings by operating system.

FIGURE 2-14 With BBP, you use Notes Page view to manage the visual channel in the on-screen slide area

if RUBY_PLATFORM =~ /win32/ puts "We're in Windows!" elsif RUBY_PLATFORM =~ /linux/ puts "We're in Linux!" elsif RUBY_PLATFORM =~ /darwin/ puts "We're in Mac OS X!" elsif RUBY_PLATFORM =~ /freebsd/ puts "We're in FreeBSD!" else puts "We're running under an unknown operating system." end

As explained in the previous section, Rails is popular because it makes developing Web applications easy. In this section I ll demonstrate that by showing you how to generate a basic Web application and looking through how it works.